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Il castello di Kenilworth
''Il castello di Kenilworth'' (or, under its original name in 1829, ''Elisabetta al castello di Kenilworth'')〔Ashbrook and Hibberd (2001), p. 229〕 is a ''melodramma serio'' or tragic opera in three acts by Gaetano Donizetti. Andrea Leone Tottola wrote the Italian libretto after Victor Hugo's play ''Amy Robsart'' (1828) and Eugene Scribe's play ''Leicester'', both of which following from Scott's novel ''Kenilworth'' (1821). Daniel Auber composed another opera on the same subject, ''Leicester, ou Le chateau de Kenilworth'' in 1823.
This opera was the first of Donizetti's excursions into the Tudor period of English history, and it was followed in 1830 by ''Anna Bolena'', (which was based on the life of Ann Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII), then by ''Maria Stuarda'' (named for Mary, Queen of Scots) which appeared in different forms in 1834 and 1835. All represented the interests (even obsessions) of many Italian composers of the era, Donizetti's included, in the character of Elizabeth I, whose life he was to explore further in 1837 in his opera ''Roberto Devereux'' (named for a putative lover of Queen Elizabeth I.) The leading female characters of the operas ''Anna Bolena'', ''Maria Stuarda'', and ''Roberto Devereux'' are often referred to as the "Three Donizetti Queens."
As ''Elisabetta al castello di Kenilworth'' the opera received its first performance on 6 July 1829 at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples and, in a revised version at the same house, as ''Il castello di Kenilworth'' on 24 June 1830.〔
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